Internal-combustion engine.



1. M. CAGE. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I9I7- Patented Feb. 18, 1919.

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I. IVI. CAGE. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

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J. IVI. CAGE INERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 7 1917.

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INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 7. 1917.

Patented Feb. 18, 19M).

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J'Oml' M. CAGE, OF IETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR T0 CAGE ENGINE SYNDICATEINC.,

.A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE.

I-NTEBNAIf-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

rammed rei. ie, tere.

v.ipplcatcm led .Tune 7, 1917. lSerial No. 173,408.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. CAGE, a

Acitizen of the United States of America,

Some engines have ported cylinder casl ings, ported work cylinderstherein, and,-

ported sleeve valves between the ported work cylinders and the portedcylinder casing, so that when the cylinders and valves are reciprocatedin synchronism or one independent of the other, uids or liquids mayloeadmitted and exhausted to and from the work cylinders. Y

is disclosedin my application for patent iiled July 27, 1914, Serial No.845,367, and now known as a sixstroke three-phase engine,'and as afurther example of telescopic parts of an engine, there is shown in mycompanion application, filed under even date S. N. 1 3,409', a two-cycleengine, which may be considered an improvement of those previouslydesigned by me. With -this type of engine some provision must be madefor reciprocating the work cylinder iand the sleeve valve in timedrelation so that certain ports thereof will register at predeterminedtimes for the admission and exhaust of liquid or iuid to and from theworkl cylinders. lt is also essential that the cylinders `and valves beoperatedin timed relation to the Such an engine reciprocation ofa pistonor pistons within the work cylinders and this invention particularlyrelates to a cylinder and valve operating mechanism by which the workcylinder and sleeve valve may be moved in accordance with the firingorder of the engine.

My present invention aims to provide' cylinder and valve operatingmechanism that can 'be compactly assembled within the crank case of anengine, and automatically actuated by the crank shaft of the engine.

The cylinder and valve operating mechamsm is preferably balanced in theengine crank case and articulated relatively to the work cylinders andsleeve valves thereof so that the cylinders and valves may be easilyshifted with 'a minimum vibration in the crank case; the gearing oroperating mechanism tending to more perfectly 'balance the crank shaft,thus insuring smooth running p f an engine in accordance with myinvenion.

My present invention will be hereinafterV more fully considered, andreference will now be had to the drawings, wherein- Figure l is avertical cross sectional view of a portion of a two-cycle engine,showing the work cylinder and sleeve valve gearing mechanism within thecrank case and irts articulation' with the crank shaft of the engine;

Fig. 2 is a central longitudinall sectional view of the crank case ofthe engine showing one side of the cylinder and valve gearmg mechanism;

F 3 is a similar view of the crank case showing the opposite side of thecylinder and valve gearlng mechanismg Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectionalview taken on the line lV-IV of Fig. 3;

'Fi 5 is a detail sectional view taken onl the line V-V of Fig. 3;

Fi 6 is a similar View taken on the line VI I of Fig. 3; l

Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line VH-VL'II ofFig.' 3;

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view of the cylinder and valve gearingmechanism;

Fig. 9 is a View similar to Fig. 1, showing a modified form Aofoperating mechanism.;

Fig. l0 is and Fig. 11 is a plan of the operating mechanism.

In describing my invention by aid of lthe views above referred 150,1desire to point out that the same are merely illustrative of thecylinder and valve gearing mechanism as a side elevation of the same,

now embodied in a two-cycle engine, and i do not care to confine myselfto the precise construction and arrangement of parts. The followingdescription is therefore to be broadly construed as including suchsubstitute constructions and arrangement of parts which are the obviousequivalents of those to be hereinafter referred to.

ln the drawings, there is illustrated the lower portion of anv engine inaccordance With my invention, and the reference numerals 1 and 2 denotethe longitudinal. side Walls of a crank case and said Walls areconnected hy end Walls 3 and el, with all of said Walls having asubstantial base 5. rlthe base 5 provides'openingsv in communicationwith a pan 6, suitably connected thereto, and the top of the crank casehas an oblong opening 7 over which is mounted a cylinder casing orblock, (not shown).

The inner sides of the end Walls 3 and l are reinforced by vertical ribsand Webs 8 connected to bearings 9 for an engine crank shaft 10. Thisshaft. intermediate the ends thereof, is journaled in another bearing 11forming part of a transverse ribbed or stidened partition 12 connectingthe Walls 1 and 2 of the crank case.

The crank shaft has sets of concentric heads 13 connected by eccentricWrist pins or crank portions 14; for connecting rods 15. The connectingrods 15 are o erativel connected to pistons 16 reciprocab e in worcylinders 17 surrounded by sleeve valves 13 the last three mentionedelements being partially shown in the opening 7 in order that the valvesearing mechanism actuated by the crank s. aft 10 may be articulatedwith the ported` Work cylinders 17 and ported valve sleeves 13. For afurther understanding of the operation of the elements 17 and 18, it isnecessary to refer to the same as units A, E, C, and D of the engine, asall of the units are articulated to a certain extent so as to beactuated in timed relation.

The base 5 is provided With stirrups 19 and 20 extending into the pan 6and these stirrups support a longitudinal shaft 21 for rock sleeves 22and 23. These rock sleeves have the ends thereof, adjacent the stirrups19, provided With short cranks 2li pivotally connected as at 25, to thearms 26 of eccentrics 27 on the crank shaft 1G, between the sets ofheads 13 of said shaft. rlhe inner ends of the rock sleeves 22 and 23,contiguous to the stirrup 20, have cranks 28, pivotally connected tocoupling members 29 for itmen 30, said pitrnen extending up- Wardly atthe inner side of the Wall 1, at the sides of the central. partition 12.

The crank case is provided Withy frames 31 connecting the side Walls 1and y2, and the hose 5, said frames extending to the top of a a thecrank case above the eef-,entries 27 kof the crank shaft 10. The frames31 have transversely alinin bearings 32 for rock shafts 33 and 3d; nsaid shafts, adjacent the side Wall 1 of the crank case, are beams 35and 36, respectively, and these beams have the confronting ends thereofconnected by coupling members 37 to the upper ends of the nitinen 30.,lThe beams 35 and 36 have the inner ends thereof provided with odsetportions 33 oivotally connected by links 39 to lateral side extensionsl0 on the lower ends of the Working cylinders 17 of the units B and C.The outer ends of the beams 35 and 36 have oiset portions 11 pivotallyconnected by links 1-2 to side extensions 43 on the lovver ends of theWorking cylinders 17 of the units A and D. So far, it is apparent thatwhen the beams 35 and 36 are rocked through the medium of the pitmen 30,that the Work cylinders 17 of units A and D are reciprocated in areverse direction relatively to the Work cylinders 17 of the units B andC.

@n the end fof the rook shaft 33, adjacent the side Wall 2 of the crankcase, is a loose beam ad and the ends of said beam are pivotallyconnected by links l5 to lateral side extensions 46 of the sleeve valves13 of the units A and B. The beam la has the upper edge thereof providedwith a Wrist pin 47, and fixed on the end of the rock shaft 33 is acrank 4:3. Y

Fixed on the end ofthe rock shaft 3a adjacent the side Wall 2 of thecrank case is a crank a9 pivotally connected by a link 50 to the Wristpin a7 of the loose beam 4ta, so that a rockino movement of the shaft34. imparts a similar movement to the beam a4 which reciprocates thesleeve valves 13 of the units A and B. Loose on the saine end of therock shaft 341 is a beam 51 and a crank 52, the latter having side lugs53 connected to the beam 51. |The crank 52 is pivotally connected by alink 54e to the crank 48 fixed onthe rock shaft 33, and the ends of thebeam 51 are pivotally connected to links 55 attached to a lateral sideextension 56 of the sleeve valves 18 of the units C and D.

From the foregoing, itgivill be observed that the Work cylinders ofunits C and D are moved in synchronisml through the medium of aneccentric 27, crank 24, rock sleeve 23, crank 28, pitmans 30, beam 36,links 39 and extensions 40 of the Work cylinders 17. The other pitnrian30, through the medium of beam 35, extensions 43,' actuate the workcylinders 17 of units A and B.

Since the rock shafts 33 and 34 are actuated by the beams 35 and 36respectively, it is apparent that the sleeve valves 18 of the units Cand D will be actuated through the medium of rock shaft 33, crank 48,link 5a, crank 52, beam 57, links 55 and extenrie inaasee sions 56. Thesleeve valves 18 of the units A and B will be actuated through themedium of rock shaft 34, crank 49, link 50, wrist pin 47, beam 44, links45 and eXtensions 46.

The manner of articulating the sleeve valves and the work cylindersrelative to the rock sleeves 22 and 23 actuated by the crank shaft 10causes the work cylinders 17 of the units C and D to be operated insynchronism with the sleeve valves 18 of the units A and B and the workcylinders 17 of the units A and B operated in synchronism with thesleeve valves 18 of the units C and D. With the ported sleeve valves andwork cylinders properly positioned in the cylinder casing or block, itis possible to reciprocate the work cylinders and sleeve valves in timedrelation so that ports will register at predetermined times, with amaxi-l mum port'area, for the intake and exhaust of liquids and iuids toand from work cylinders.

It is apparent that eight elements are reciprocated by using twoeccentrics and that the gearing not only obviates the necessity of anindividual eccentric for each reciprocable element, but insures accuracyin the timed movement of all of said elements.

Reference will now be had to Figs. 9, 10 and 11 showing a modified formof operating mechanism which obviates the necessity of using atransverse shaft, for instance the rock shafts 33 and 34 or any otherconnec? tions transversely of the crank case above the crank shaft. Thetop of the crank case is provided with bearings or bosses 57 and mountedin these bosses are hangers 58 for the beams 35, 36, 44 and 51 which arearticulated with the work cylinders and valve sleeves of the engine.

The bottom of the crank case is provided with transverse bearings 59 fora rock shaft 60 and fixed on one end of said shaft is a bell crank havinarms 61 and 62, the latter being connected by a pitman 63 to the beam44. The arm 61 is connected to an eccentric strap 64 on vthe crank shaftof the engine and said shaft has another eccentric strap 65 at the sideof the eccentric strap 64. The crank shaft of the engine has eccentricportions serving the straps 64 and 65.

Loose on the rock shaft 60 is a rock sleeve 66 having a crank 67connected to the eccentric strap 65. The rock'sleeve 66 also has arms 68and 69 connected by pitmen 70 to the beams 51 and 35 respectively.

-Fixed on the vrock shaft 60 at'the end of the rock sleeve 66` is an arm71 connected by a pitman 72 to the beam 36.

What I claim is 1. In an engine, a crank shaft, power units A, B, C andD, each including a reciprocable work cylinder and a reciprocable sleevevalve, means actuated by said crank shaft adapted for reciprocating thecylinders of the units C and D, means actuated by the crank shaftadapted for reciprocating the cylinders of units A and B, meansutilizing part of the cylinder operating means of units A and B adaptedfor reciprocating the valves of units C and D, and meansutillzing partof the cylinder operating means of -units C and D adapted forreciprocating the valves of units A and B.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a crank case, a crank shaft in saidcrank case,

reciprocable work cylinders having side extensions toward one side ofsaid crank case, reciprocable valve sleeves about said work cylindersand having side extensionsV toward the other side of said crank case,rock sleeves below said crank shaft and operatable thereby, meansactuated by said rock sleeves at one side thereof and articulated witheX- tensions of said work cylinders for reciprocating said cylinders,and means operatable at the other side of said crank case from the rstmentioned meansfor reciprocating said valve sleeves.

3. In a multi-cylinder engine, sets of work cylinders, valve sleevesabout said c linders, sets of beams having ends thereo articulated withsaid cylinders adapted to reciprocate said cylinders, means actuated bysaid engine adapted to impart movement to said beams, a -beam having itsends articulated With some of said sleeves and actuated by one of therst mentioned beams to reciprocate its sleeves, and a beam having itsends articulated with the remainin sleeves and actuated by tlie other oftie irst mentioned beams to reciprocate the remaining sleeves.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of power units eachwith an inner and an outer valve sleeve, a crank shaft, two actuatingmeans operated from the crank shaft, means actuated by one of saidactuating means for imparting movement to the inner sleeves of two unitsand the outer sleeves of two other units, and means actuated by theother of said actuating means for imparting movement to the outersleeves of the first mentioned two units and the inner sleeves of thelast mentioned two units.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of power units eachwith an outer valve sleeve, a crank shaft, a rock shaft under the crankshaft and parallel thereto, rocker beams one 0n each side of the powerunits near the ends of the sleeves, connections betweenv one rocker beamand the inner sleeves and between `the other. rocker beam and the outersleeves, and means to actuate the rocker beams from the rock shaft.

6. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of power units eachwith an inner and an ouei1 valve sleeve cizmk shafts e, mex shaft undershe c'fank shaft and pain -4 @Hel theeto, maker beamsene en each sideJee-KN M.- eee@ ANW); Dem.

